Seeing Through Music: Gender and Modernism in Classic Hollywood Film ScoresHollywood film music is often mocked as a disreputably applied branch of the art of composition that lacks both the seriousness and the quality of the classical or late romantic concert and operatic music from which it derives. Its composers in the 1930s and '40s were themselves often scornful of it and aspired to produce more 'serious' works that would enhance their artistic reputation. In fact the criticism of film music as slavishly descriptive or